Chemical structure and uses of coniciney emetinee ergometrinee

1. Conicine (Coniine)

• Chemical Structure: Conicine is a toxic alkaloid with the chemical formula C8H17N. It has a simple structure consisting of a piperidine ring (a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom) with an attached propyl group.

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• Uses: Conicine is most famously found in the poison hemlock plant (Conium maculatum). Historically, it was used as a poison, but due to its extreme toxicity, it is no longer used therapeutically. It has been known to cause respiratory paralysis and death.

2. Emetine

• Chemical Structure: Emetine is an isoquinoline alkaloid with the chemical formula C29H40N2O4. It has a complex structure consisting of a benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline backbone with various functional groups, including methoxy and hydroxy groups.

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• Uses: Emetine is derived from the ipecac plant and is primarily used as an anti-protozoal drug. It has been historically used to treat amoebiasis (caused by Entamoeba histolytica) and also as an emetic (to induce vomiting). Due to its toxicity, its use is limited today.

 

3. Ergometrine (Ergonovine)

• Chemical Structure: Ergometrine is an ergot alkaloid with the chemical formula C19H23N3O2. It has a complicated indole structure with a peptide-like side chain.

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• Uses: Ergometrine is primarily used in obstetrics to control postpartum hemorrhage and stimulate uterine contractions. It is effective in preventing or treating excessive bleeding after childbirth by promoting uterine muscle contractions.